Behind Closed Doors at WorldCom Essay

1.Two General Accounting employeesâ€Dan Renfroe and Angela Walterâ€made diary passages in the measure of $150 million and $171 million, separately, without definite help. It was noticed this was not strange at WorldCom. As you would see it, was this an appropriate bookkeeping practice? Clarify. In spite of the fact that this may not be strange for WorldCom, this is certifiably not a right bookkeeping practice. The manner in which the passages were made doesn't agree to the best possible record work on as per GAAP. Point by point support is a significant piece of offering help to a diary section and it clarifies the explanation or reason concerning why the diary passage was made. 2.Based on GAPP, depict the appropriateness or inappropriateness of discharging of $150 million in line cost collections in the Wireless division over Deloris DiCicco’s protests. Bolster your position utilizing the legitimate bookkeeping writing. When taught to decrease the Wireless Division’s line cost by $150 million because of reserve funds from the earlier period, DiCicco declined in light of the fact that there was no help for the section.  WorldCom would set up an altering passage every month to perceive the assessed cost of the period as period cost, by promoting the cost as an accumulated intrigue. As per GAAP, a detail cost must be accounted for as a cost on a company’s pay proclamation. WorldCom promoted the line cost, rather than expensing it and set it on the accounting report as a collected obligation instead of on the pay proclamation as a working cost. 3.On the subject of promoting line costs, study the method of reasoning remembered for CEO Scott Sullivan’s White Paper. In view of your own investigation of GAAP, clarify the legitimacy or inappropriateness of promoting line costs in the telecom business. In the White Paper introduced to the Board of Directors, the CEO Scott Sullivan upheld the choice to underwrite line costs. Sullivan given that the White Paper was in accordance with the company’s objective of keeping up solid development rate through expanding its capital speculation. The executives noticed that the treatment of the E/R beds as a benefit was not the slightest bit in any logical inconsistency of the meaning of an advantage according to FASB Concept Statement No. 6 which states, â€Å"Assets are likely future financial advantages acquired or constrained by a specific element because of past exchanges or events†. Be that as it may, according to GAAP, line costs must be accounted for as a cost in the company’s pay proclamation as these are fundamentally,â operating costs. It was placed in a critical position Sheet as an accumulated obligation instead of in the salary proclamation as a collected cost. This brought about dishonestly anticipating salary and benefits; and hiding enormous misfortunes by wrongly promoting the line costs. 4.Consider diary passage that perceived $35 million of income in 2001 from the EDS contract dependent on WorlCom’s desire that the five-year required combined least installment would not be met. In light of your own investigation of GAAP, disclose the respectability to inappropriateness of this diary section. This isn't in consistence with the arrangements of GAAP or SAB 101. Income ought not be perceived until it is acknowledged or gets feasible and earned. On the off chance that we followed this announcement the organization didn't have acknowledged income Furthermore, the punishment installments whenever authorized couldn't be paid till the year 2005 as expressed in the agreement. Additionally, the diary passage brought about perceiving income when it was not earned or acknowledged and along these lines, exaggerated the benefits. 5.Why do you think the experts for this situation, the vast majority of whom are CPA’s, would consent to record a material diary passage in opposition to their best proficient judgment? I imagine that as a rule representatives had the option to bend proclamations which follow GAAP rules. May workers were persuaded they were making the best decision and those that were reluctant to partake were neglected. The greater part of the material diary sections which were made in opposition to best judgment were so finished so as to veil the declining benefits and to show expanding benefits, which thusly would build stock costs. 6.In general, how does the job of Internal Auditing vary from the job of Independent (or External) Auditing? What is the job of Internal Auditing in a very much run partnership? When performed by inward reviewers, what is a budgetary review versus a working review? Do you think WorldCom’s Internal Audit Department was working as it ought to have been? Clarify. Inside examiners work inside an association and report to its review board of trustees or potentially executives. They help to structure the company’s arranging frameworks and help create explicit hazard the board approaches. Outside examiners are autonomous of the association they are evaluating. They report to the company’s investors. They give their accomplished supposition on the honesty of the company’s fiscal summaries and perform deal with a test premise to screen frameworks set up. Interior Auditingâ is intended to take a gander at the key dangers confronting the business and how the busines s is dealing with those dangers adequately. It for the most part brings about suggestions for development across offices. Inward evaluating is an autonomous, target affirmation and counseling movement intended to include esteem and improve an organization’s activities. It enables an association to achieve its goals by bringing an orderly, taught way to deal with assess and improve the viability of hazard the executives, control, and administration forms. A money related review is a review or assessment of the monetary announcing process, deciding the unwavering quality and uprightness of the budget summaries and readiness of such explanations. It likewise includes an examination of the interior controls identified with the account capacity of the undertaking. An operational review, then again, is a precise survey and assessment of an operational unit as far as its viability and proficiency of activities, achievement of its set down targets and objectives, and deciding its fittingness in the utilization of different assets. Unmistakably the WorldCom’s Internal Audit division was not working as it ought to have been. It was focusing just on operational reviews and thoroughly staying away from budgetary reviews. On the reason for cost-sparing, it obviously stayed away from any and each capacity which could cover with the job of the outer reviewers.

Americas Tv Role Model Essay Example For Students

Americas Tv Role Model Essay Americas TV Role ModelWhat America needs is a family like The Waltons, not families like The Simpsons at any rate as per President George Bush. An abnormal comment, given that one doesn't typically expect the President of the United States to pass decisions on TV dramatizations like The Waltons, let along animation shows like The Simpsons. The makers of The Simpsons rushed to react, by making Bart Simpson comment that the Simpson family was extremely simply like the Waltons family sitting tight for the finish of the downturn. The Waltons were a nonexistent rustic family trusting that the 30s wretchedness will end, while The Simpsons are a postmodern group of today. Both have a place with the inquisitive history of the American TV family. A history so integral to the past, present and eventual fate of American culture that nobody not in any case Presidential up-and-comers, can stand to disregard it. Prior to radio and TV, the family home was a space that could work in relative withdrawal from open life. In the exhortation manuals of Victorian occasions, the perfect working class home was one that protected ladies and youngsters from the shrewd impacts of the open circle. The temperances of frugality and personal development the kind of qualities Bush partners with the Waltons were a nineteenth century thought of easy street. In this vision of the family, men worked in the outside world and had the last say at home; ladies were to be shielded from the outside world yet dealt with the everyday business of the home and the bringing up of the kids. Obviously, things dislike that for some individuals, yet this was the perfect that the home manuals prohibited. Each great white collar class Victorian home tried to have a piano, and ladies should figure out how to play it show the youngsters to play it moreover. The piano was a humanizing impact, as far as anyone knows. With the ascent of commercialization, be that as it may, this changed. The phonograph, the radio lastly the TV supplanted the piano. The excellencies of frugality and personal growth offered approach to commercialization and the quest for relaxation for the good of its own. Traditionalists have consistently censured these progressions and required an arrival to the old ways, however present day private enterprise relies upon its customers to continue onward. Without this move in family life from frugality to spending and from personal development to utilization, the mechanical age may never have continued onward. In fact, the breakdown of the economy that created the arrival to frugality and order exemplified by The Waltons TV family occurred to a limited extent since industr ialism didnt very take off during the 20s. It was simply after the enormous extension of assembling that occurred during the war and the intentional endeavors to transform war creation into customer creation that the conditions were set for the sort of TV family we know today. The 50s saw a colossal blast in lodging development. Youthful couples who had required their lives to be postponed during the war got into home creation intensely. The time of rural euphoria had started. One of the new shopper innovations that filled the new rural homes was the TV. By 1955 about 65% of American homes had one. Like every new medium advances, it started by repeating the famous toll of the media it supplanted. Similarly as the early gramophone records were multiplications of famous music lobby tunes; early TV imitated well known radio shows. This is the primary period of any new media when it obtains and adjusts the arrangements of the old media. Not the entirety of the mainstream radio projects effectively made the change to TV. Father Knows Best, a notable TV circumstance satire of the fifties, was one program that survived the progress from radio to TV. Strangely, the ethnic radio sitcoms like AmosnAndy and Life with Luigi didn't. The overall population would tune in to, however not watch, minorities on TV. The Defeat of Napoleon in Russia EssayThe thought that the white working class family was the standard may have worked during the 50s, when it was generally white collar class individuals who claimed the TV sets, however it quit working in the late 60s. A progressively assorted TV crowd, checking out more conflictual times couldn't be so effectively fulfilled. The appropriate response was another sort of sitcom, spearheaded by Norman Lear. In All in the Family and other Lear appears, the contentions inside the TV crowd are all the more legitimately sensationalized on the screen. Television no longer has an unmistakably recognizable good community ground. The character of Archie Bunker an undeniable model for Homer Simpson is the exemplary model. To traditionalist manual watchers he was the saint of the show. To liberal, taught individuals he was the object of the joke. Television makers took in two things from All in the Family: that various segments of the crowd can hold very invers e perspectives about a similar character, and that the show can sensationalize the contention between their perspectives. Upbeat Days, the late 70s hit that defeated the late 60s style fierce comedies, changed the guidelines indeed. In a time exhausted of contention, Happy Days depended on sentimentality for the 50s when life was more straightforward and everybody got along pleasantly. Upbeat Days wasnt an incredible 50s of Father Knows Best, in any case. The character that knows best in Happy Days is the Fonz. With his cowhide coat, lubed back hair and cruiser, he was a tamed variant of Brandos character from The Wild One. Not, at this point a picture of the awful kid outcast, he was currently the pariah who utilizes his separation to assist the TV groups of Happy Days. This isn't the genuine 50s, however the 50s of TV memory, a cut-up of all the Tv pictures of the 50s, all joined back together in a parody design. Here the onces extremely separate universes of rocknroll and prime t ime TV are cut and combined. The Simpsons cuts and blends pictures of TV families from all times. The longhaired school transport driver in The Simpsons is an animation adaptation of the Fonz. The Simpsons empowers various types of watchers to relate to various characters, and it gets those characters from numerous different shows. Its accounts change massively relying upon the essayists and makers. Some are affectionately duplicated 50s style accounts of rural ordinariness. Some are radical postmodern 90s style farces of it. Some are strife dramatizations, some are profound quality plays of the sort advanced by M*A*S*H. The progressions made to the stock material of the sitcom in The Simpsons are educational. Homer has a work area work at the atomic force plant. He is certifiably not an industrial specialist like Fred Flintstone or Archie Bunker. The female characters are more completely created than Wilma Flintstone or Betty Rubble, and get story lines of their own. Female watchers are urged to relate to post women's activist female characters who stand up for themselves and play a functioning job by and large. While Bart is popular for his reserved demeanor to class, sister Lisa is a constant understudy. Youthful watchers can relate to being cool or being shrewd. White collar class guardians who esteem great habits and instruction can relate to Marg and Lisa; while Bart and Homer maintain a customary common laborers saying of an insubordinate youth followed by a conventionalist, non-fierce middle-age. Divided crowds, divided shows divided TV culture. George Bush might be nostalgic for The Waltons, however it wont be some time before government officials are nostalgic for the TV culture of The Simpsons. It is these thoughts that have made TV families dominate and set the model for real families when in the past these jobs were turned around. Todays families are minor pictures of the thoughts depicted through American TV.

The Fault in Our Stars Essay Topics and Answers

<h1>The Fault in Our Stars Essay Topics and Answers</h1><p>Your high schooler will adore their The Fault in Our Stars article points and answers since it recounts the internal activities of their heart, psyche and soul. It will engage, illuminate and encourage.</p><p></p><p>The understudy's announcement is a significant piece of the evaluation. It doesn't make a difference how you word it, if your announcement doesn't have any substance or is totally outside of any relevant connection to the issue at hand it will be viewed as a disappointment. The announcement must be sufficiently explicit to remain solitary however engaging enough to have the option to portray the understudy's understanding. Not exclusively should the understudy compose the announcement oneself, it ought to be looked into by a parent or watchman before accommodation to the teacher.</p><p></p><p>The Fault in Our Stars exposition subjects and answers ar e the reason for the last grade. There are no alternate ways with regards to exposition points and replies. On the off chance that an understudy can't create a decent paper subject and answer, that understudy should take a rest from composing and abandon that task. In addition to the fact that it is terrible for the understudy, it is additionally not useful for the evaluation. So make certain to painstakingly compose the article points and answers and your evaluations will mirror your efforts.</p><p></p><p>It's a smart thought to offer your understudy schoolwork help before they start the task. This will give the understudy some structure and direction and will give them a reasonable system to work from as they come. At the point when an understudy realizes they are following a specific succession of assignments and tailing it carefully will take them from understanding a riddle to addressing an inquiry, this encourages them to concentrate and remain focused. Regardless of whether they appear to be lost from the start, it will before long become clear what should be done and where they have to go.</p><p></p><p>Giving schoolwork help to an understudy can likewise fill in as a token of where they are simultaneously. They may feel like they are at an impasse. At the point when schoolwork help is offered to them ahead of time of the task, at that point they will be set up to move in the direction of a specific objective if they have an issue with a specific inquiry or issue that surfaces throughout the assignment.</p><p></p><p>The principle thought of this article is that each individual needs to recollect themselves as interesting people. We as a whole might suspect diversely and despite the fact that everybody considers themselves individuals, there are contrasts between every one of us. Every individual needs to recollect their uniqueness and this uniqueness is normally reflected in their c omposing skills.</p><p></p><p>While they are composing the expositions, it is best for the understudy to not permit themselves to be impacted by any composed work by another essayist. They ought to compose from their heart and nobody else's words ought to enter their head. In any case, all understudies are urged to compose from their heart, and that incorporates their own encounters with this novel and the characters in the book.</p><p></p><p>The Fault in Our Stars paper points and answers can go from the occasions occurring inside the story, to the plot, the characters, and the topic of the story itself. All understudies are free to expound on whatever rings a bell and the educator will be satisfied to survey the paper and grade it in the event that it is a top notch work.</p>

Extensive Essay Samples and Topics

<h1>Extensive Essay Samples and Topics</h1><p>Many individuals utilize these all-inclusive paper tests in their regular composing ventures. You might be amazed that a significant number of the points have been utilized by different experts and standard people. These all-encompassing exposition tests are regularly useful for points and topics that you have not yet secured or built up your own ideas.</p><p></p><p>Extended article tests are intended to utilize these themes to investigate and talk about specific kinds of subjects. Subjects that have been recently secured might be a decent theme to utilize when expounding on another point. The expositions composed might be the main time that you utilize this subject or topic.</p><p></p><p>Several of the subjects and expanded paper tests, for example, the point on 'cash,' don't fit well into everyone. Since cash is a significant subject, you ought to know that you are expoun ding on a social issue. The subjects on cash may originate from your own encounters, or they might be one of a kind to the individuals you are expounding on. These subjects may appear as philosophical conversations or questions.</p><p></p><p>The theme on 'Science' may allude to a particular science. Your involvement in a specific science, religion, or medication might be considered inside the setting of science. A few subjects may incorporate models or hypotheses that you have talked about inside the logical community.</p><p></p><p>The theme on instruction might be remembered for one of the all-inclusive article tests since training is a subject that numerous individuals are enthusiastic about. In any case, you can likewise expound regarding a matter that identifies with training. The subject on financial matters can be an incredible point to explore. This may identify with another point you know about, for example, the subject of acco unting.</p><p></p><p>In expansion to utilizing a topic or theme, there are a few different ways to examine a specific theme or conversation or utilization of a point. You might need to break down what is considered as an interestingor drawing in theme. You can utilize explicit devices to follow how frequently every theme has been utilized by others. The sort of gatherings accessible will permit you to make the best conversation inside your opinion.</p><p></p><p>If you are keen on composing a paper for school credit, at that point you may find that the subjects and article tests accessible through web based composing courses are extraordinary wellsprings of help. In any case, you may likewise discover a few papers that are hard to follow, or that will require a particular style of composing. The school composing classes and courses accessible are completely offered for free.</p><p></p><p>You might be astonished t o find that the points and article tests from a history class will be like another verifiable theme that you may have known about. These subjects and themes will give you a beginning stage for making a total paper. The points on financial aspects and different subjects that relate to science, religion, or medication might be utilized as a layout to help build up a paper that is written in the current period.</p>

How Do I Know If I Have Food Poisoning

How Do I Know If I Have Food Poisoning If you have ever felt ill after consuming some food, there is a high chance what you experienced was food poisoning.Also known as foodborne illness, food poisoning refers to any illness that is caused by consuming spoilt, toxic or contaminated food.Most cases of food poisoning result from food being contaminated by various types of bacteria or a virus.Thankfully, food poisoning is not life-threatening.In most cases, the symptoms go away by themselves after a few days without the need for medical attention.Food poisoning is quite common.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 48 million Americans are affected by food poisoning every year.Of these, only about 128,000 of them get hospitalized, and only about 3,000 people die of foodborne illnesses in a year.Cases of food poisoning are more common among infants and children, the aged, and people with weak immune systems, such as those suffering from HIV or other chronic illnesses.SYMPTOMS OF FOOD POISONING In most cases, the signs and symptoms of food poisoning will be experienced within a day or two after consuming contaminated food.Depending on the cause of contamination, however, some symptoms may be experienced within a few hours, while others might appear after a few weeks.If you have food poisoning, you might experience any of the following symptoms:Diarrhea, which might be bloody or contain some mucusA feverVomitingNauseaChillsAching within the muscles and jointsStomach cramps and pain in the abdomenLoss of appetiteGeneral weakness and fatigueHeadachesWHEN TO SEE A DOCTORIn most cases, someone suffering from food poisoning will get better without the need to see a doctor.However, you should seek medical attention immediately if you notice any of the following symptoms:The symptoms become very severeYour diarrhea and other symptoms do not get better after about 3 days.Constant vomiting makes it difficult for you to keep down any fluids.You are above the age of 60You’re pregnant.I f the person with food poisoning is a babyYour fever exceeds 101.5 °F.You start experiencing symptoms that are associated with severe dehydration, such as passing little or no urine, confusion, a dry mouth, sunken eyes, and a rapid heartbeat.You pass bloody urine.You are taking medication or have a condition that may weaken your immune system, such as HIV or undergoing cancer treatment.You have an underlying long term illness, such as kidney disease, diabetes, heart valve disease or inflammatory bowel disease.You start having difficulty speaking or seeing.HOW DOES FOOD GET CONTAMINATED?Most of the foods that we eat have bacteria, parasites, and viruses that are potentially harmful if they find a way into our system.This is why it is recommended that all foods should be cooked before eating.The harmful pathogens are killed by the heat during the cooking process. This is why a lot of food poisoning is caused by foods that are eaten raw.Some of the reasons and methods through which foo d might become contaminated include:Food, especially meat, not getting cooked thoroughly.Food that needs to be chilled not being stored in the right conditions.Food being kept beyond its expiry date.Cooked food being left for long at warm temperatures.Food getting handled by someone with dirty hands or someone who is ill.Previously cooked food not getting reheated sufficiently.Bacteria spreading from contaminated food and surfaces to uncontaminated food (cross-contamination).Some foods are more likely to be contaminated than others, particularly if they are not cooked or stored properly.Examples of such foods include:Unpasteurized milkRaw eggsRaw meat and poultryRaw seafoodFoods that don’t need to be cooked before eatingWe saw earlier that food can be contaminated by different pathogens.There are over 250 different pathogens that might be behind food poisoning.Some of the most common types of food contamination include:Salmonella: Most cases of serious food poisoning in the United States can be attributed to the Salmonella bacteria.According to the CDC, the salmonella bacteria is responsible for about 1 million cases of food poisoning every year, with about 23,000 of these ending up being hospitalized.About 450 deaths can be attributed to Salmonella each year. Salmonella is usually found in raw eggs, raw meat and poultry, milk, and other dairy products.Infection can occur when meat or poultry is not adequately cooked.Salmonella can also be spread to other foods by cutting surfaces, knives, or handling of food by an infected person.The symptoms of salmonella food poisoning start appearing 12 to 72 hours after consuming the infected food. In most cases, the symptoms will subside in about 4 to 7 days, even without treatment.Campylobacter: This is a bacteria that is mostly found in meat and poultry. It is most likely to infect you if you consume undercooked meat.Campylobacter contamination usually occurs when animal feces come into contact with meat surfaces dur ing processing.Campylobacter can also be found in contaminated water and unpasteurized milk.If you consume food that is contaminated with campylobacter, the symptoms will appear in about two to five days and will be gone in about a week or less.Listeria: This bacteria is mostly found in chilled, ready to eat foods, such as hot dogs, cooked meat slices, pre-packed sandwiches, and unpasteurized milk and cheeses. Listeria can also be found in unwashed raw produce.Following consumption of food that is contaminated with listeria, the appearance of symptoms will vary from person to person.They can appear in a few days or after several weeks. In most cases, the person will feel better in about 3 days.However, food poisoning from listeria can be more serious in pregnant women. It can result in pregnancy and birth complications, and in extreme cases, it can lead to miscarriage.Escherichia coli (E. coli): This is a common bacteria that lives in the digestive tracts of various animals. It is e ven found in humans.While most strains of E. coli are harmless, some can lead to serious cases of food poisoning.Most cases of E. coli food poisoning are caused by eating undercooked minced beef, as well as other beef products like meatballs and burgers.Beef usually gets contaminated during the slaughter process when fecal matter comes into contact with the meat. E. coli can also be found in unpasteurized milk products, contaminated water, alfalfa sprouts, and apple cider.The symptoms of E. coli food poisoning start appearing between one and eight days after infection. The person will feel better after a few days or weeks.Shigella: Shigella is spread when food is washed in contaminated water. Food poisoning caused by the Shigella bacteria is referred to as shigellosis or bacillary dysentery.The symptoms of food poisoning caused by shigella appear within a week of consuming contaminated food and will usually disappear in less than a week.Viruses: Viruses can also cause food poisoning . The most common culprit in this case is a virus known as Norwalk virus or simply novirus.Over 19 million cases of food poisoning can be attributed to novirus every year. This virus is mostly spread through contaminated water and from person to person.It is also commonly found in raw shellfish. Novirus food poisoning is usually mild and not life threatening, though it can be fatal in rare cases.Symptoms will usually appear within 24 to 48 hours of consuming the contaminated food and will only last a couple days.Other viruses that may cause food poisoning are sapovirus, astrovirus, and rotavirus, though they are not as common.Rotavirus mostly causes food poisoning in children, with the symptoms appearing in about a week and lasting 5 to 7 days.The Hepatitis A virus can also be passed through food, causing a very serious illness.Parasites: Food poisoning as a result of contamination by parasites is a bit rare, though the cases are common in developing countries.While rare, food poiso ning caused by parasites can be very dangerous.A person will start feeling ill in about 10 days after consuming contaminated food, and if left untreated, it may be weeks or months before the symptoms disappear.The most common culprit in cases of parasite caused food poisoning are is toxoplasma, which is usually found in cat litter boxes.This parasite can also remain undetected in the human digestive tract for years.Pregnant women and people with weakened immunity system are at the greatest risk of getting an infection due to toxoplasma.Other common types of food poisoning caused by parasites include amoebiasis, which is a type of dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica, cryptosporidiosis, which is caused by Cryptosporidium, and giardiasis, which is caused by Giardia intestinalis.HOW IS FOOD POISONING DIAGNOSED?In most cases, tests are not necessary for the diagnosis of food poisoning.Instead, the doctor will ask questions about the specific foods you have consumed recently, the sy mptoms you are experiencing and for how long you have been feeling sick.The doctor might also examine you physically to determine whether you are showing any signs of dehydration.In some cases, depending on your health history and the symptoms you are experiencing, the doctor might need to run some diagnostic tests to determine the cause of the food poisoning.The most common tests for parasites include blood tests and stool culture tests.However, not every case of food poisoning can be confirmed using diagnostic tests.FOOD POISONING TREATMENTThankfully, most cases of food poisoning are not very serious and can be treated at home without the need to seek medical attention.The symptoms will usually resolve by themselves after a few days.Due to vomiting and diarrhea, someone who has food poisoning rapidly loses water, so it is important to keep drinking plenty of water to avoid dehydration.Even if you don’t feel like drinking water, taking a few sips every now and then will help keep you hydrated. Alternatively, you can drink sports drinks which are high in electrolytes.Coconut water and fruit juices are also great for people with food poisoning.Not only do they keep you hydrated, they also provide your body with carbohydrates and help reduce fatigue and weakness.For people who are highly vulnerable, such as the elderly and those with underlying medical conditions, oral rehydration solutions are recommended.These are sold at pharmacies in form of sachets. The sick person can then dissolve them in water and drink.Oral rehydration solutions are great for helping replace glucose, minerals and salts that have been lost through dehydration.However, oral rehydration solutions may not bode well for some people, such as those with kidney conditions.Therefore, it is always advisable to consult your doctor or pharmacist before using oral rehydration solutions.In addition to keeping yourself hydrated, you should also get plenty of rest and avoid substances like caffeine, fizzy drinks, alcohol, and fatty or spicy foods.These will irritate the digestive tract and make you feel worse. Instead, opt for decaffeinated teas with soothing herbs such as dandelion, peppermint or chamomile, since these can help sooth an upset stomach.You can also use over-the-counter medications such as Pepto-Bismol and Imodium to help reduce the nausea and diarrhea.Before using these medications, however, it is advisable to consult your doctor, since diarrhea and vomiting helps the body to get rid of the toxins causing the illness.Using these medications can also make the illness seem less severe, making you wait longer without seeking medical attention even when the illness is severe.Once you feel up to it, ease back into eating with small, light and easy to digest foods that are bland and low in fat.Wait until the diarrhea and vomiting has subsided before you start eating solid foods. The best foods to eat in this case include:Saltine crackersBananasToastRiceChicken brothOa tmealBoiled veggiesBland potatoesGelatinDecaffeinated soda, such as root beer or ginger aleSports drinksDiluted fruit juicesUntil you are completely healed, you should avoid harder to digest foods, since they might upset your stomach even more.The foods to avoid include:Fried foodsSpicy foodsDairy products such as milk and cheeseFoods with high sugar contentHighly seasoned foodsFatty foodsEnergy drinksIf you feel that your symptoms are severe, or if you don’t start getting better after a few days, you should see a doctor.You should also see a doctor if you have an underlying medical condition that makes you more vulnerable to serious infection, or if you are over 60 years of age.If your vomiting is too severe, the doctor might prescribe anti-emetic medications to help stop the vomiting.If the doctor determines that your food poisoning is as a result of a bacterial infection, he or she may prescribe antibiotics to help get rid of the bacteria.If the illness is deemed to be too seri ous, the doctor might require you to be admitted to hospital for a couple days so that you can be hydrated with intravenous (IV) fluids while the doctor monitors your recovery.COMPLICATIONS RESULTING FROM FOOD POISONINGIn most cases, any complications resulting from food poisoning are usually due to dehydration.This is where the body loses too much water and essential minerals and salts through vomiting and diarrhea.For health adults with no underlying medical conditions, staying hydrated until you get better is enough to prevent any complications from occurring.Dehydration presents a more serious concern for infants, the elderly, people with chronic illnesses and people with conditions that might have weakened their immune systems.In some cases, such people who are more vulnerable may need to be admitted so that they can receive intravenous rehydration. In extreme cases, dehydration can even lead to death.Aside from dehydration, the other complications that might result from food p oisoning depend on the kind of food poisoning and the infected person.The types of food poisoning that may result in complications include:Listeria food poisoning: Listeria food poisoning can result in complications for pregnant women.If a pregnant woman gets food poisoning in the first trimester of the pregnancy, the illness may result in a miscarriage. If a pregnant woman gets listeria food poisoning later in the pregnancy, the infection may result in complications such as premature birth or still birth.In the event that the baby is born normally, they baby might experience a potentially fatal listeria infection after birth.Babies who survive this infection might experience delayed development and long-term neurological damage.E. coli food poisoning: Food poisoning caused by some strains of E. coli might lead to a complication known as hemolytic uremic syndrome.This is a condition that causes damage to the lining of the blood vessels within the kidneys.In extreme cases, this syndr ome can even result in kidney failure. Children below the age of 5, the elderly, and people with a condition that weakens their immune systems are most vulnerable to developing hemolytic uremic syndrome.Someone in any of these groups should seek immediate medical attention should they have profuse or bloody diarrhea.HOW TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF INFECTIONIf you have food poisoning, you can easily spread the infection to those around you.To avoid this, you should avoid handling or preparing food that will be consumed by other people.You should also avoid getting into contact with people who are highly vulnerable, such as children under the age of 5 or the elderly. You should also avoid going to work or school until the diarrhea has stopped.If the infected person is someone you live with, you should:Make sure everyone uses their own flannels and towels.Ensure that everyone washes their hands with warm water and soap before and after preparing food and after using the toilet.Use the hot test washing machine setting to wash the laundry of the infected person.Frequently clean taps, basins, toilet seats, flush handles, and the surfaces around your home.HOW TO PREVENT FOOD POISONINGPreventing food poisoning comes down to maintaining high standards of hygiene when handling, preparing and storing food.According to the Food Standards Scotland, the key to preventing food poisoning is keeping in mind the “four Cs, which are:Cleaning: Maintaining high standards of personal hygiene and keeping utensils and work surfaces clean can help prevent the spread of harmful pathogens that may cause food poisoning.Make a habit of washing your hands with soap and warm water after handling raw food, before preparing food, after using the toilet, after touching pets and bins, and after changing a baby’s diaper.You should also avoid handling food if you have food poisoning or other stomach illnesses. You should also thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits before consumption.Cooking: All f ood, and meats, poultry and seafood in particular, should be thoroughly cooked to make sure any harmful bacteria in the food are killed.To check whether meat is well cooked, dip a knife into the thickest part of the meat and make sure that there are no red or pink parts, and that all the juices in the meat are clear.Proper care should also be taken when reheating food. Make sure that the food is well heated all through, and avoid reheating food more than once.Chilling: If you have food that needs to be refrigerated, always keep it in the fridge and ensure that the temperature in your fridge is set between 0 5 °C.Leaving such food unrefrigerated can result in the growth and multiplication within the food. If you have cooked leftovers, allow them to cool over a couple of hours and then store them in the fridge.Cross contamination: Sometimes, bacteria can be transferred from contaminated foods (especially raw foods) to other foods when the foods come into contact, when the bacteria is left on the utensils and work surfaces used in the preparation of food, or when one food drips onto another.To prevent cross contamination, you should:Store ready-to-eat foods separate from raw foods.Use separate knives and cutting boards for meat, seafood, eggs, and poultry.Store raw meat at the bottom of your fridge and inside sealable containers so that it does not drip on other foods.Thoroughly clean any utensils that have been used in the preparation of raw food.Avoid washing raw meats and poultry, since this might splash harmful bacteria all over your kitchen. Any bacteria on the meat will be killed during the cooking process.Wash your hands with soap after handling raw food.Aside from the four Cs, also make sure never to consume any food that is past its “use by” date.Never rely on the food’s smell or appearance to determine whether it is safe to eat.Always observe the instructions on the packet.WRAPPING UPFood poisoning is a common illness that occurs after consuming contaminated food.Fortunately, food poisoning is not life-threatening, and a person will feel better after a few days without the need for medical attention.However, if your symptoms are severe or if you don’t start feeling better after a few days, you should always see a doctor.Proper hygiene should be taken when preparing and handling food to prevent food poisoning.